用Netty實現的一個簡單的HTTP服務器，可以處理靜態文件，例子中的注釋也比較全。主要是對HTTP的理解，接下來的文章中我也會更新一些HTTP相關的文章以及對例子的進一步完善，由淺到深，記錄一些我的學習過程！
1.Server
public class HttpServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(
Executors.newCachedThreadPool(), Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new HttpServerPipelineFactory());
bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
System.out.println("服務器已經启動，請訪問http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html進行測試！\n\n");
}
}
2.Pipeline
public class HttpServerPipelineFactory implements ChannelPipelineFactory {
public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
// Create a default pipeline implementation.
ChannelPipeline pipeline = pipeline();
// Uncomment the following line if you want HTTPS
// SSLEngine engine =
// SecureChatSslContextFactory.getServerContext().createSSLEngine();
// engine.setUseClientMode(false);
// pipeline.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
// Uncomment the following line if you don't want to handle HttpChunks.
// pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpChunkAggregator(1048576));
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
// Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content
// compression.
//pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpChunkAggregator(1048576));
pipeline.addLast("chunkedWriter", new ChunkedWriteHandler());
pipeline.addLast("deflater", new HttpContentCompressor());
pipeline.addLast("handler", new HttpRequestHandler());
return pipeline;
}
}
3.handler類
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.is100ContinueExpected;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.isKeepAlive;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.COOKIE;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.SET_COOKIE;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.CONTINUE;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffer;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.Cookie;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.CookieDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.CookieEncoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpResponse;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpChunk;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpChunkTrailer;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.QueryStringDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedFile;
import org.jboss.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
public class HttpRequestHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
private HttpRequest request;
private boolean readingChunks;
@Override
public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
if (!readingChunks) {
HttpRequest request = this.request = (HttpRequest) e.getMessage();
String uri = request.getUri();
System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
System.out.println("uri:"+uri);
System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
/**
* 100 Continue
* 是這样的一種情況：HTTP客戶端程序有一個實體的主體部分要發送给服務器，但希望在發送之前查看下服務器是否會
* 接受這個實體，所以在發送實體之前先發送了一個攜帶100
* Continue的Expect請求首部的請求。服務器在收到這样的請求後，應該用 100 Continue或一條錯誤碼來進行響應。
*/
if (is100ContinueExpected(request)) {
send100Continue(e);
}
// 解析http頭部
for (Map.Entry<String, String> h : request.getHeaders()) {
System.out.println("HEADER: " + h.getKey() + " = " + h.getValue() + "\r\n");
}
// 解析請求参數
QueryStringDecoder queryStringDecoder = new QueryStringDecoder(request.getUri());
Map<String, List<String>> params = queryStringDecoder.getParameters();
if (!params.isEmpty()) {
for (Entry<String, List<String>> p : params.entrySet()) {
String key = p.getKey();
List<String> vals = p.getValue();
for (String val : vals) {
System.out.println("PARAM: " + key + " = " + val + "\r\n");
}
}
}
if (request.isChunked()) {
readingChunks = true;
} else {
ChannelBuffer content = request.getContent();
if (content.readable()) {
System.out.println(content.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
}
writeResponse(e, uri);
}
} else {// 为分塊編碼時
HttpChunk chunk = (HttpChunk) e.getMessage();
if (chunk.isLast()) {
readingChunks = false;
// END OF CONTENT\r\n"
HttpChunkTrailer trailer = (HttpChunkTrailer) chunk;
if (!trailer.getHeaderNames().isEmpty()) {
for (String name : trailer.getHeaderNames()) {
for (String value : trailer.getHeaders(name)) {
System.out.println("TRAILING HEADER: " + name + " = " + value + "\r\n");
}
}
}
writeResponse(e, "/");
} else {
System.out.println("CHUNK: " + chunk.getContent().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8)
+ "\r\n");
}
}
}
private void writeResponse(MessageEvent e, String uri) {
// 解析Connection首部，判斷是否为持久連接
boolean keepAlive = isKeepAlive(request);
// Build the response object.
HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, OK);
response.setStatus(HttpResponseStatus.OK);
// 服務端可以通過location首部將客戶端導向某個資源的地址。
// response.addHeader("Location", uri);
if (keepAlive) {
// Add 'Content-Length' header only for a keep-alive connection.
response.setHeader(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.getContent().readableBytes());
}
// 得到客戶端的cookie信息，並再次寫到客戶端
String cookieString = request.getHeader(COOKIE);
if (cookieString != null) {
CookieDecoder cookieDecoder = new CookieDecoder();
Set<Cookie> cookies = cookieDecoder.decode(cookieString);
if (!cookies.isEmpty()) {
CookieEncoder cookieEncoder = new CookieEncoder(true);
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
cookieEncoder.addCookie(cookie);
}
response.addHeader(SET_COOKIE, cookieEncoder.encode());
}
}
final String path = Config.getRealPath(uri);
File localFile = new File(path);
// 如果文件隱藏或者不存在
if (localFile.isHidden() || !localFile.exists()) {
// 邏輯處理
return;
}
// 如果請求路徑为目錄
if (localFile.isDirectory()) {
// 邏輯處理
return;
}
RandomAccessFile raf = null;
try {
raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile, "r");
long fileLength = raf.length();
response.setHeader(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, String.valueOf(fileLength));
Channel ch = e.getChannel();
ch.write(response);
// 這裏又要重新溫習下http的方法，head方法與get方法類似，但是服務器在響應中只返回首部，不會返回實體的主體部分
if (!request.getMethod().equals(HttpMethod.HEAD)) {
ch.write(new ChunkedFile(raf, 0, fileLength, 8192));//8kb
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (keepAlive) {
response.setHeader(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.getContent().readableBytes());
}
if (!keepAlive) {
e.getFuture().addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}
}
private void send100Continue(MessageEvent e) {
HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, CONTINUE);
e.getChannel().write(response);
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
e.getCause().printStackTrace();
e.getChannel().close();
}
}
4.配置類
public class Config {
public static String getRealPath(String uri) {
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("/home/guolei/workspace/Test/web");
sb.append(uri);
if (!uri.endsWith("/")) {
sb.append('/');
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
5.頁面
在項目中新建一個文件夾，名稱为web（可以在配置中配置），在文件夾中放入靜態頁面index.html。
6.启動服務器，測試
From:OSChina
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